The severity of Croup is variable. Many cases of Croup resolve on their own, but fairly often, Croup is severe enough to warrant a visit to urgent care. In a few cases, serious breathing problems can occur and emergency room care is needed.

Croup is caused by a viral infection, usually a parainfluenza virus. The virus infects the upper airway and causes the area around the vocal cords, windpipe, and bronchial tubes to swell. When your kiddo coughs, it forces air through the swollen vocal cords, creating Croup’s distinctive “barking” cough.

Most kids who get Croup are between 6 months to 3 years old. They have tiny airways, so Croup’s distinctive swelling affects them more than in older kids and adults.

The viruses that cause Croup are contagious and can spread easily through coughing or sneezing, or boogers. In adults, the viruses usually cause cold-like symptoms. Young kiddos in your household can be at risk of Croup. Kiddos are contagious for three days after symptoms begin or until the fever is gone.

Croup usually starts as a cold. If there is enough inflammation, kids develop Croup. Croup symptoms usually get worse at night and tend to last for 3-5 days.

Croup symptoms affect kiddos' breathing, so it’s important to keep an eye on them to see if things are getting worse. Seek medical care if you notice any of these symptoms.

Since Croup is caused by viral infections, use the same methods that you use to protect from cold and flu; wash hands, stay away from sick people, and teach your kiddo to sneeze into their elbow—we like to tell them it’s a “sneeze pocket.”

• The most important thing you can do for your kiddo if they have Croup is to stay calm and help them feel calm too. Crying and agitation can make Croup worse, so think about what your kiddo loves. Snuggles? Nursing? Lullabies? A favorite stuffie? A new movie? Keeping things calm can keep Croup from getting worse.
• Humid air can also soothe coughs, so sit with your kiddo in the bathroom with a steamy shower going, or run a cool-mist humidifier.
• Keep kiddos hydrated. For babies, offer breastmilk or formula often. For older kiddos, soup or a popsicle can be more enticing than water.
• Breathing cool night air can also help symptoms. Take your child outside (fully clothed of course) and let them breathe in the cool air. Standing in front of an open freezer door and letting them breathe there can also mimic this if you live in a place where nights are warm.

Most younger children will need to go to the doctor with Croup, so it’s a good idea to check in with your primary care provider if you suspect Croup so that they can help you monitor your kiddo’s symptoms.

Usually Croup lasts 3-5 days. If it’s lasting longer, it’s important to see a healthcare provider.